Picasso was born in Málaga, Spain, in 1881, where he was given the incredibly long name, Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruíz y Picasso. Being born to his art teacher mother, he was considered a child prodigy for his talents in art, even though he wasn’t a very strong student academically. He was admitted to the school of Fine Arts in Barcelona at the age of 14, which was extremely rare for his young age. He was one of the greatest and most influential artists of the 20th century and helped pioneer the style of Cubism with his close friend Georges Braque.
Georges Braque was a French painter, collagist, draughtsman, printmaker and sculptor. Braque’s earliest works were impressionistic but in 1905 he adopted a Fauvist style. Although his style was somewhat more of a subdued Fauvist style, he would use bright colors to represent emotional response in his art. In 1909, Braque began to work closely with Pablo Picasso, and soon the cubism movement was born. This style focused on geometry and perspectives and challenged many of the artistic conventions of the day. Later in life he continued his work with cubism but moderated the harsh abstraction of the movement.
Bomberg was a British painter, drawer, and teacher born in 1890. He attended the Slade school of Art until 1913 when he was expelled for being too unconventional. In the years before he fought in the trenches of WWI, his paintings were very geometric and influenced by cubism/futurism. However, after he returned from war his paintings changed to more of an expressionist style, representing landscapes and nature. He went on to teach in London until his death in 1957.
He is known as the first “noise” artist. As seenin his works, the use of color to interpret movement and sound is very interesting and visual. Below are a few of his works such as Dynamism of a Car, The Art of Noises and The Revolt. He was not only an Italian painter, but also a composer and builder; he wrote “The Art of Noises” as well that has influenced 20th century musical aesthetics. During World War I, he was seriously injured and spent the next 18 months in various hospitals. He also invented a series of music instruments, some of which were called “rumorarmoni”, “enharmonic bow,” “enharmonic piano” in the 1920s. Another fact: he also appeared in three short Futurist films (now lost), for which he also composed the music. He held his last concert as a composer in 1929 at the opening of a Futurist show in Paris at the Galerie 23.
Umberto Boccioni was one of the most notable Italian futurist painters. Futurism’s obsession over speed, machinery, change, and movement dominated Boccioni’s paintings.
The City Rises is a very famous piece by Boccioni. The piece contains lots of eccentric color and movement in an electric power plant. The piece reveals Boccioni’s celebration of industrialization and futurism. There is much movement in this piece, but I dislike it because of its abundantly textured painting style. I think this piece has a Van Gogh feel mixed with futurism.
Another piece by Boccioni is called Elasticity, which shows the large movements of a horse. The horse and landscape, traditionally natural entities, are painted very machine-like and industrial. I really think that his colors and painting techniques are interesting. I like the metallic feel, and the chaotic movement captured in the painting. It is also interesting that later during war, Boccioni died from falling off a horse.
Balla was an Italian painter and founding member of the Futurist movement. He did not have much formal training in art and as a young artist he was influenced by French Neo-Impressionism after visiting Paris. Balla and the two younger artists that he had influenced, Umberto Bocciono and Gino Severini, came under the influence of Filippo Marinetti who launched the literary movement, Futurism. Futurism was an Italian movement meant to revitalize Italian culture through the power of modern science and technology. Balla was a lyrical painter focused on the depiction of light, speed, and urgency. This intersects with the idea of the energy of modern life that was characteristic of Futurism. Balla used planes of colour to convey movement in his paintings. One of his most famous works, “Dynamism of Dog on a Leash,” portrays this movement that is characteristic of his paintings.
Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968) is one of the people who most influenced art history by challenging what people considered to be art. He refused to be associated with any one art movement, but his work has been associated with Cubism, Futurism, Surrealism, Dadaism, and many others. He moved away from the concept that art should be made simply to please the eye, and so he is also called the “father of abstract art.” Some of his most well-known works include Fountain (1917, pictured below) and L.H.O.O.Q. (1919, pictured below). In these pieces Duchamp pushed the boundaries of what was considered to be art and introduced the concept of “readymades,” or taking pre-made art work and making them into something new.
Mark Webster studied painting and drawing during his time in college and also at the School of Light and Color in Fair Oaks located in California. He also spent time in Italy studying landscape. His work has been featured all across the United States and he has received several awards. After finding little success in comic book illustrating, Webster moved his focus back to paintings. After looking for inspiration and ideas, he decided on cubism and futurism. One of his main inspirations was Umberto Boccioni. Webster wanted to paint how Boccioni sculpted. In an artist statement, Mark mentions that it is his intention to convey the depth of motion. He didn’t want to only capture the image in motion or at rest, but more importantly the time and space the subject occupied at a single moment, or multiple moments. This view limits the subject matter into less complicated shapes and into more abstract forms.
Shown above is Webster’s painting of a goldfish. Through the use of layering, we are able to perceive a sense of depth. Additionally, through the use of line thickness and placement, we are able to see movement.
Juan Gris is a Spanish painter and sculptor whose art belongs to the Cubism genre. He spent most of his life in France and worked with other Cubists such as Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. Gris used a grid structure in his artwork. He transitioned from analytical cubism to synthetic cubism in 1913, where he used collage to create his works. As seen in the piece bellow “Still Life with Guitar, Gris worked mostly monochromatically, which made his art distinct from other Cubists. Gris combines different perspectives of the same guitar and collages them to create a disjunct, yet cohesive work. I love this piece because it uses a bold, geometric, and unique perspective on a simple object.
Albert Gleizes was a French artist, author, and philosopher who was born in Paris in 1881. Gleizes is known for his theoretical contributions to the Cubist movement. He collaborated with Jean Metzinger to write the first major text about Cubism called “Du Cubisme” (“On Cubism” in English), which was published in 1912. The theoretical model presented in “Du Cubisme” emphasized moving around objects to present them from multiple perspectives, which contradicted the traditional single-perspective art-making process. The utilization of multiple perspectives allowed artists to create work that Gleizes believed better reflected the spacial and temporal mobility of the real world. Gleizes was also a founding member of a collective of artists called Section d’Or, which held the largest public showing of Cubist art prior to WWI at the Salon de la Section d’Or in 1912. One of Gleizes’s first major Cubist pieces, Portrait de Jacques Nayral, is pictured below.
Although Dali is most commonly known for his Surrealist work, he has been attributed to having some striking work resembling the cubism movement. He began getting attention from his classmates for his paintings that heavily focused on cubism. Due there not being any Cubist artist in Madrid, Dali was influenced by magazine articles and catalouges given to him by Pichot. In 1926 Dali moved to Paris and met Pablo Picasso, which is why a lot of Dali’s work can be noted to be heavily influenced from Picasso.
One of Dali’s most famous pieces resembling Cubism is the Cubist self portrait:
Another famous piece is the The real Tiger, cinquenta ,
Fernand Léger (1881-1955) was born in France and initially began training as an architect up until the age of 25. It was only then that Fernand began painting seriously after enrolling in a school of decorative arts, which he did not find very useful. Fernand began painting as a cubist, meaning that he fractured his figures and objects into different shapes et he also maintained a three dimensionality to his pieces. He had a unique form of cubism from other artists at the time because he used many cylindrical shapes as well as a mesh of robot/human figures. His use of primary colors and bold, graphic forms put him as a forerunner of more modern pop art. During World War II he was influenced to make art that reflected the juxtaposition of machines and nature he saw throughout the war.
“Tete de Femme”
Jacques Villon is a French Cubist painter and printmaker. In 1894 he went to Paris to study law, but while he was there he became more interested in art. At first he developed a Neo-Impressionist style of art, but around 1910 he began to paint in a more Cubist style. In 1912, he and a group of other Cubist artists formed a group called Section d’Or, or “Golden Section.” After WWII he was highly recognized as an important artist in the Cubist movement.
Hugo Scheiber was a Hungarian futurist painter who lived from 1873-1950. Initially his style was more Post-Impressionistic, but moved towards Futurism in the 20th century. Scheiber utilized bright, lively colors with rapid, flowing brushstrokes. His artwork captured warped, fantastical scenes of city life, cabarets, and the modern jazz scene with an emotional pull for exuberant vividness. He painted over 1,500 works of art using his primary mediums of using gouache and oil. Schieber was an independent Modernist, and seemed to move away from political fanaticism and propaganda, as his art favored cosmopolitan life and its vibrant, diverse humanity.
Filippo Marinetti was an Italian artist and poet. Marinetti grew up in Egypt with his father and mother. His father was a lawyer and his mother was the daughter of a professor from Milan. He studied in Egypt, Paris, and Italy. His art clearly shows the literature influence that he received from his mother and studies. Marinetti’s paintings incorporate different types of literature, including his own poems that he wrote. He also wrote the Futurist’s Manifesto in 1909, and is considered one of the founders of the movement.
Paul Cezanne:
Cezanne is a painter who incorporated cubism and impressionistic art. He was said to be the “father” of cubism according to Picasso and Matisse, a well renowned cubism abstract artists. Cezanne was interested in simplifying how he saw the world into their geometric shapes. With this in mind, he also utilized a new way of perspective other than from a single vantage point. Binocular vision perspective created a converging eye visual that created depth perception. He particularly used this will still lives, nude models, and landscapes. Interesting fact, his “props” used in some of his still lives, are still sitting in his studio in modern Aix, where he left them, long after he died in 1906. I think it’s interesting how he has many styles and subjects, as in my opinion, great artists need to be well rounded in different areas, rather than just really good at painting trees. His brushwork is different in each piece, showing different techniques which inspire me to try that method to painting as well.
Jean Metzinger (1883-1956)
Metzinger was a French painter who helped to establish some of the foundations of Cubism. He was also a writer/ poet and a theorist. From his early works onward you can see his style develop from neo-impressionism to cubism. Metzinger came from a prominent military family although both him and his brother went into artistic professions.
painting 202 
Artist: Pablo Picasso
Picasso was born in Málaga, Spain, in 1881, where he was given the incredibly long name, Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruíz y Picasso. Being born to his art teacher mother, he was considered a child prodigy for his talents in art, even though he wasn’t a very strong student academically. He was admitted to the school of Fine Arts in Barcelona at the age of 14, which was extremely rare for his young age. He was one of the greatest and most influential artists of the 20th century and helped pioneer the style of Cubism with his close friend Georges Braque.
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Artist: Georges Braque
Georges Braque was a French painter, collagist, draughtsman, printmaker and sculptor. Braque’s earliest works were impressionistic but in 1905 he adopted a Fauvist style. Although his style was somewhat more of a subdued Fauvist style, he would use bright colors to represent emotional response in his art. In 1909, Braque began to work closely with Pablo Picasso, and soon the cubism movement was born. This style focused on geometry and perspectives and challenged many of the artistic conventions of the day. Later in life he continued his work with cubism but moderated the harsh abstraction of the movement.
Violin and Candlestick
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Artist: David Bomberg
Bomberg was a British painter, drawer, and teacher born in 1890. He attended the Slade school of Art until 1913 when he was expelled for being too unconventional. In the years before he fought in the trenches of WWI, his paintings were very geometric and influenced by cubism/futurism. However, after he returned from war his paintings changed to more of an expressionist style, representing landscapes and nature. He went on to teach in London until his death in 1957.
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Artist: Luigi Russolo
He is known as the first “noise” artist. As seenin his works, the use of color to interpret movement and sound is very interesting and visual. Below are a few of his works such as Dynamism of a Car, The Art of Noises and The Revolt. He was not only an Italian painter, but also a composer and builder; he wrote “The Art of Noises” as well that has influenced 20th century musical aesthetics. During World War I, he was seriously injured and spent the next 18 months in various hospitals. He also invented a series of music instruments, some of which were called “rumorarmoni”, “enharmonic bow,” “enharmonic piano” in the 1920s. Another fact: he also appeared in three short Futurist films (now lost), for which he also composed the music. He held his last concert as a composer in 1929 at the opening of a Futurist show in Paris at the Galerie 23.
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Artist: Umberto Boccioni
Umberto Boccioni was one of the most notable Italian futurist painters. Futurism’s obsession over speed, machinery, change, and movement dominated Boccioni’s paintings.
The City Rises is a very famous piece by Boccioni. The piece contains lots of eccentric color and movement in an electric power plant. The piece reveals Boccioni’s celebration of industrialization and futurism. There is much movement in this piece, but I dislike it because of its abundantly textured painting style. I think this piece has a Van Gogh feel mixed with futurism.
Another piece by Boccioni is called Elasticity, which shows the large movements of a horse. The horse and landscape, traditionally natural entities, are painted very machine-like and industrial. I really think that his colors and painting techniques are interesting. I like the metallic feel, and the chaotic movement captured in the painting. It is also interesting that later during war, Boccioni died from falling off a horse.
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Giacomo Balla (1871-1958)
Balla was an Italian painter and founding member of the Futurist movement. He did not have much formal training in art and as a young artist he was influenced by French Neo-Impressionism after visiting Paris. Balla and the two younger artists that he had influenced, Umberto Bocciono and Gino Severini, came under the influence of Filippo Marinetti who launched the literary movement, Futurism. Futurism was an Italian movement meant to revitalize Italian culture through the power of modern science and technology. Balla was a lyrical painter focused on the depiction of light, speed, and urgency. This intersects with the idea of the energy of modern life that was characteristic of Futurism. Balla used planes of colour to convey movement in his paintings. One of his most famous works, “Dynamism of Dog on a Leash,” portrays this movement that is characteristic of his paintings.
LikeLike
Artist: Marcel Duchamp
Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968) is one of the people who most influenced art history by challenging what people considered to be art. He refused to be associated with any one art movement, but his work has been associated with Cubism, Futurism, Surrealism, Dadaism, and many others. He moved away from the concept that art should be made simply to please the eye, and so he is also called the “father of abstract art.” Some of his most well-known works include Fountain (1917, pictured below) and L.H.O.O.Q. (1919, pictured below). In these pieces Duchamp pushed the boundaries of what was considered to be art and introduced the concept of “readymades,” or taking pre-made art work and making them into something new.
http://www.leninimports.com/marcel_duchamp_gallery_6a_2_medium.jpg “L.H.O.O.Q.”
http://www.sfmoma.org/images/artwork/large/98.291_01_b02.jpg “Fountain”
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Mark Webster – Abstract Futurism
Mark Webster studied painting and drawing during his time in college and also at the School of Light and Color in Fair Oaks located in California. He also spent time in Italy studying landscape. His work has been featured all across the United States and he has received several awards. After finding little success in comic book illustrating, Webster moved his focus back to paintings. After looking for inspiration and ideas, he decided on cubism and futurism. One of his main inspirations was Umberto Boccioni. Webster wanted to paint how Boccioni sculpted. In an artist statement, Mark mentions that it is his intention to convey the depth of motion. He didn’t want to only capture the image in motion or at rest, but more importantly the time and space the subject occupied at a single moment, or multiple moments. This view limits the subject matter into less complicated shapes and into more abstract forms.
Shown above is Webster’s painting of a goldfish. Through the use of layering, we are able to perceive a sense of depth. Additionally, through the use of line thickness and placement, we are able to see movement.
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Artist: Juan Gris (1887-1927)
Juan Gris is a Spanish painter and sculptor whose art belongs to the Cubism genre. He spent most of his life in France and worked with other Cubists such as Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. Gris used a grid structure in his artwork. He transitioned from analytical cubism to synthetic cubism in 1913, where he used collage to create his works. As seen in the piece bellow “Still Life with Guitar, Gris worked mostly monochromatically, which made his art distinct from other Cubists. Gris combines different perspectives of the same guitar and collages them to create a disjunct, yet cohesive work. I love this piece because it uses a bold, geometric, and unique perspective on a simple object.
LikeLike
Artist: Albert Gleizes
Albert Gleizes was a French artist, author, and philosopher who was born in Paris in 1881. Gleizes is known for his theoretical contributions to the Cubist movement. He collaborated with Jean Metzinger to write the first major text about Cubism called “Du Cubisme” (“On Cubism” in English), which was published in 1912. The theoretical model presented in “Du Cubisme” emphasized moving around objects to present them from multiple perspectives, which contradicted the traditional single-perspective art-making process. The utilization of multiple perspectives allowed artists to create work that Gleizes believed better reflected the spacial and temporal mobility of the real world. Gleizes was also a founding member of a collective of artists called Section d’Or, which held the largest public showing of Cubist art prior to WWI at the Salon de la Section d’Or in 1912. One of Gleizes’s first major Cubist pieces, Portrait de Jacques Nayral, is pictured below.
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Artist: Salvador Dali
Although Dali is most commonly known for his Surrealist work, he has been attributed to having some striking work resembling the cubism movement. He began getting attention from his classmates for his paintings that heavily focused on cubism. Due there not being any Cubist artist in Madrid, Dali was influenced by magazine articles and catalouges given to him by Pichot. In 1926 Dali moved to Paris and met Pablo Picasso, which is why a lot of Dali’s work can be noted to be heavily influenced from Picasso.
One of Dali’s most famous pieces resembling Cubism is the Cubist self portrait:
Another famous piece is the The real Tiger, cinquenta ,
LikeLike
Fernand Léger (1881-1955) was born in France and initially began training as an architect up until the age of 25. It was only then that Fernand began painting seriously after enrolling in a school of decorative arts, which he did not find very useful. Fernand began painting as a cubist, meaning that he fractured his figures and objects into different shapes et he also maintained a three dimensionality to his pieces. He had a unique form of cubism from other artists at the time because he used many cylindrical shapes as well as a mesh of robot/human figures. His use of primary colors and bold, graphic forms put him as a forerunner of more modern pop art. During World War II he was influenced to make art that reflected the juxtaposition of machines and nature he saw throughout the war.
“Tete de Femme”
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Jacques Villon
Jacques Villon is a French Cubist painter and printmaker. In 1894 he went to Paris to study law, but while he was there he became more interested in art. At first he developed a Neo-Impressionist style of art, but around 1910 he began to paint in a more Cubist style. In 1912, he and a group of other Cubist artists formed a group called Section d’Or, or “Golden Section.” After WWII he was highly recognized as an important artist in the Cubist movement.
Girl at the piano:
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Hugo Scheiber was a Hungarian futurist painter who lived from 1873-1950. Initially his style was more Post-Impressionistic, but moved towards Futurism in the 20th century. Scheiber utilized bright, lively colors with rapid, flowing brushstrokes. His artwork captured warped, fantastical scenes of city life, cabarets, and the modern jazz scene with an emotional pull for exuberant vividness. He painted over 1,500 works of art using his primary mediums of using gouache and oil. Schieber was an independent Modernist, and seemed to move away from political fanaticism and propaganda, as his art favored cosmopolitan life and its vibrant, diverse humanity.
Seated Figure, c. 1934
http://www.artnet.com/artists/hugó-scheiber/seated-figure-circa-1934-a-qTY4cdIw3aIOs73HjiqDQw2
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Filippo Marinetti
Filippo Marinetti was an Italian artist and poet. Marinetti grew up in Egypt with his father and mother. His father was a lawyer and his mother was the daughter of a professor from Milan. He studied in Egypt, Paris, and Italy. His art clearly shows the literature influence that he received from his mother and studies. Marinetti’s paintings incorporate different types of literature, including his own poems that he wrote. He also wrote the Futurist’s Manifesto in 1909, and is considered one of the founders of the movement.
LikeLike
Paul Cezanne:
Cezanne is a painter who incorporated cubism and impressionistic art. He was said to be the “father” of cubism according to Picasso and Matisse, a well renowned cubism abstract artists. Cezanne was interested in simplifying how he saw the world into their geometric shapes. With this in mind, he also utilized a new way of perspective other than from a single vantage point. Binocular vision perspective created a converging eye visual that created depth perception. He particularly used this will still lives, nude models, and landscapes. Interesting fact, his “props” used in some of his still lives, are still sitting in his studio in modern Aix, where he left them, long after he died in 1906. I think it’s interesting how he has many styles and subjects, as in my opinion, great artists need to be well rounded in different areas, rather than just really good at painting trees. His brushwork is different in each piece, showing different techniques which inspire me to try that method to painting as well.
LikeLike
Jean Metzinger (1883-1956)
Metzinger was a French painter who helped to establish some of the foundations of Cubism. He was also a writer/ poet and a theorist. From his early works onward you can see his style develop from neo-impressionism to cubism. Metzinger came from a prominent military family although both him and his brother went into artistic professions.
LikeLike